English Lesson

English-2021

UNIT 1 Public Speaking & English Pronunciation/ From ARPANET to Internet

Vocabulary

• precursor

  • 先驱

• transcontinental

  • 横贯大陆的

• sophisticated

  • 精密的

• electrifying

  • 惊人的

• state-of-the-art

  • 最先进的

• interim

  • 暂时的

• memorandum

  • 报告

• futuristic

  • 幻想未来的

• eavesdrop

  • 偷听

• fledgling

  • 新手的

• stimulate

  • 激发，促进

• duration

  • 持续时间

• crucial

  • 至关重要

• gateway

  • 门户

• censorship

  • 审查，检查

• discrimination

  • 歧视，鉴别

• expectation

  • 期望

• apace

  • 高速的

• chaotic

  • 混乱的

• plethora

  • 过剩

Practice Vocabulary

• Packet
• IWG
• Protocol
• Gateway
• TCP/IP
• Censorship
• Accessible
• Mainframe
• WAN
• Newsgroup
• IMP
• Technique

Reading

Task

How to prepare for public speaking

1. decide on a Topic and Purpose
2. Organize your speech in a 3-part Framework
3. Prepare your full-sentence outline
4. condense your Speech into a Keyword outline
5. Practice, Practice, Practice
6. Be Ready on the Day of your Speech

Phonology(语言学，音韵学)

• General
• Vowels(元音)
• Consonant(辅音)
• Consonant clusters(辅音连缀)
• Rhythm and stress(节奏与重音)
• Intonation(语调)
• Juncture(连接)
• Flexibility

UNIT 2 Expanding Your Vocabulary / Open Source

Vocabulary

• foundation
  • 基础
• sympathetic
  • 有同情心的
• allegiance
  • 忠诚
• suspense
  • 悬疑
• poignant
  • 心酸的，凄惨的
• rests on
  • 依靠
• pollinate
  • 授粉
• constitute
  • 构成
• tenet
  • 宗旨
• tempt
  • 诱惑
• co-opt
  • 利用/选择
• inhibit
  • 抑制
• distinction
  • 区别
• gratis
  • 免费
• outright
  • 彻底的
• rift
  • 裂缝
• devise
  • 设计
• promiscuity
  • 滥交
• swath
  • 条带
• fracture
  • 断裂

Practice Vocabulary

• Open Source
• Fundamental
• Quest
• Groundwork
• Competition
• Guideline
  • 指南
• Enterprise
• Bootstrapping
  • 引导
• Source code
• Debian Social Contract
• Proprietary
  • 所有权
• Object-oriented
  • 面向对象

Reading

Task

Expand Your Vocabulary

History

Old English（450-1100 AD）

Middle English（1100-1500）

Early Modern English（1500-1800）

Late Modern English（1800-Present）

vocabulary

equivalent compounds and derivatives*

Formation

UNIT 3 Resume & Cover Letter / Computer and Society

Vocabulary

• fossil
  • 化石
• manufacturing
  • 制造业
• lifespan
  • 寿命
• discard
  • 丢弃
• obsolete
  • 已废弃，过时
• cartridge
  • 胶卷盒
• mercury
  • 水银
• potential
  • 潜在的
• professional
  • 职业的
• reclamation
  • 开垦
• refurbish
  • 刷新，擦亮
• compatible
  • 一致的，兼容的
• legally
  • 合法的
• electronics
  • 电子学
• rampant
  • 猖獗的
• disposal
  • 处理
• component
  • 元件
• appropriate
  • 适当的
• mandatory
  • 法定的
• responsibility
  • 责任

Practice Vocabulary

• CRT monitor
• Compatible
• Lifespan
• Shareware
• Cartridge
  • 墨盒
• Coalition
  • 联盟
• Toxic
  • 有毒的
• Device
• Manufacture
• Electronics waste stream
• Reclamation
  • 回收，开垦
• Component

Reading

Task

Resume

• Introduction
• Overall format
• Your profile
• Achievements
• Career history
• Education/Qualifications
• IT and Other Skills
• Personal Details and Hobbies
• Reference

Power Verbs for your Resume

Cover Letter

UNIT 4 Definition / Computer Crime

Vocabulary

• mastermind
  • 主谋
• finesse
  • 技巧
• stealthy
  • 隐蔽的
• arson
  • 纵火
• prosecute
  • 起诉
• malicious
  • 恶意的
• gambit
  • 开局
• diddle
  • 欺骗
• salami
  • 香肠
• convict
  • 定罪
• probation
  • 适用缓刑
• vilify
  • 诽谤，丑化
• restitution
  • 归化
• innocuous
  • 无害的
• pilfer
  • 偷窃
• allegedly
  • 据称
• assault
  • 攻击
• cyber-hacking
  • 网络黑客
• prank
  • 玩笑
• glitch
  • 小故障，差错

Practice Vocabulary

• convict
  • 定罪
• prosecution
  • 起诉
• sentence
  • 判刑
• manslaughter
  • 过失杀人
• probation
  • 试用期，缓刑
• assault
  • 攻击
• fine
  • 罚款
• alleged
  • 声称的
• restitution
  • 归还
• salami shaving
• restitution
• case
• hacking
• Component

Reading

Task

Definition

• The term or concept to be defined —— the target of the definition
• The general category to which the target belongs；and
• The distinguishing feature and features that characterize the target

UNIT 5 Technical Writing / Guidelines to Successful Technical Writing

Revising with efficient sentence

• Revising sentences to be clear and avoid ambiguity
• Use active rather than passive voice most of the time
• Avoid unnecessary words and repetition
• Make sentences fluent

Choosing the right words and expressions

• Replace difficult words and phrases with simpler alternatives
• Use verbs instead of nouns if possible
• Use jargon only if it helps you communicate better
• Be consistent in naming the same subject or object

Grammar, punctuation & mechanics

Grammar

• Be aware of dangling modifiers
• Avoid run-on sentences
• Avoid faulty subject and verb agreement
• Avoid sentence shifts

Punctuation

• Use semicolons with adverbs as conjunctions
• Use colons only after an independent clause
• Do not place a colon directly after a verb
• Use hyphens to avoid ambiguity

Mechanics

• Consider your audience before using abbreviations
• Always avoid abbreviating words out of laziness

UNIT 6 Chinglish / Social Media

Vocabulary

• unwitting
  • 不知不觉
• holy grail
  • 圣杯
• cusp
  • 尖端，开头
• predecessor
  • 前任，前辈
• irresistible
  • 不可阻挡的
• petri dish
  • 培养皿
• popularity
• collective
  • 集体的
• perceive
  • 感觉，感知
• mediate
  • 调节，居中
• perspective
  • 感觉，感知
• originate
  • 起源于
• ethnicity
  • 种族地位
• at large
  • 详细的，笼统的
• have a place
  • 去过……地方
• internist
  • 内科医师
• obesity
  • 肥胖
• contagious
  • 传染性的
• triadic
  • 三人组合
• adolescent
  • 青少年

Practice Vocabulary

• Accumulate
  • 积累
• Correlation
  • 相关性的
• Integrity
  • 正直
• Representative
  • 代表
• Disseminate
  • 传播
• Affiliation
  • 联系
• Mining
  • 挖掘
• Plumb
  • 垂直，探测
• Preliminary
  • 初步
• Perception
  • 洞察力，知觉
• Grant
  • 授予
• Sociologist
  • 社会学家

Reading

Task

Chinglish

UNIT 7 Summary & Abstract / Information Security

Vocabulary

• pry

  • 撬开

• wiretap

  • 窃听

• prohibits

  • 阻止

• intercept

  • 阻拦

• warrant

  • 正当理由

• ISP

  • 网络服务提供商

• eavesdrop

  • 偷听

• monitor

  • 监听器

• omnibus

  • 公共汽车

• surreptitious

  • 偷偷摸摸的

• surveillance

  • 监视

• outweigh

  • 比……重要

• retrieve

  • 寻回，恢复

• expel

  • 开除

• spoof

  • 哄骗戏弄

• snoop

  • 调查，窥探

• off chance

  • 偶然，不太容易的机会

• espionage

  • 间谍行为

• boot

  • 电脑启动，靴子

• controversial

  • 有争议的

Practice Vocabulary

• rule
  • 法庭决定
• law enforcement
• statute
  • 法令
• amendment
  • 修改
• warrant
  • 授权证
• accuse
  • 控告
• sue
  • 起诉
• court order
  • 法院指令
• act
  • 法案
• offending
  • 冒犯
• legitimate
  • 合情合理制
• evidence
  • 证明

Reading

Task

Summary

• Reading
• Writing
• Revision

Abstract

UNIT 8 Critical Thinking and Writing / who Owns the Future

Vocabulary

• intangible

  • 无形的

• subsume

  • 把……归入

• disparity

  • 不一致

• automation

  • 自动化

• complaint

  • 抱怨

• dilute

  • 稀释

• fawn

  • 奉承

• alternate

  • 轮流的

• glean

  • 收集

• impoverish

  • 使……贫穷

• the lion‘s share of

  • 最大份额

• route

  • 路线

• aggregate

  • 总计

• trinket

  • 小装饰品

• disenfranchisement

  • 剥夺选举权

• apocalyptic

  • 启示性的

• groove

  • 凹槽

• utopian

  • 空想的

• scenario

  • 剧本，情节

• crack

  • 使破碎

Reading

Task

Critical Thinking

Why?

• The Problem
• The Definition
• The Result

Some guidelines on Reasoning

• All reasoning has a PURPOSE
• All reasoning is based attempt to figure something out，to settle some question, to solve some problem
• All reasoning is based on ASSUMPTIONS
• All reasoning is done from some POINT OF VIEW
• All reasoning is based on DATA, INFORMATION and EVIDENCE
• All reasoning is expressed through, and shaped by, CONCEPTS and IDEAS
• All reasoning contains INFERENCES or INTERPRETATION by which we draw conclusions and give meaning to data
• All reasoning leads somewhere or has IMPLICATIONS and CONSEQUENCES

Elements

• Inference(推理) vs. Observation
• Correlation
  • direct relationships
  • inverse relationships
• Jumping to conclusions
• Faulty Thinking
  • Appeal to ignorance(无法证实)
  • Slippery slope(一件事情发生推断另一件事情一定发生)
  • False alternatives(谬误)
  • Hasty generalizations(以偏概全)
  • Questionable analogies(类比)

Critical Writing

• Heading
• Introduction
• Review
• Analysis
• Evaluation and Interpretation